7 REASONS WHY PILES OCCUR DURING PREGNANCY

7 Reasons Why Piles Occur During Pregnancy

7 Reasons Why Piles Occur During Pregnancy

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Understanding Causes and How to Prevent Piles During Pregnancy


Pregnancy is a beautiful journey, but it also brings various physiological changes in a woman’s body that can lead to unexpected health issues. One such uncomfortable and often embarrassing condition is piles during pregnancy. Also known as hemorrhoids, piles refer to swollen veins in the lower rectum and anus that can cause pain, itching, discomfort, and bleeding. While piles can affect anyone, pregnant women are especially vulnerable due to several pregnancy-related factors.


In this article, we will discuss in detail seven key reasons why piles occur during pregnancy, the symptoms to watch for, and how you can manage or prevent this condition.



What Are Piles During Pregnancy?


Piles are similar to varicose veins but occur in the rectal and anal regions. In the context of pregnancy, these swollen veins can form internally (inside the rectum) or externally (around the anus). The condition may develop at any stage of pregnancy but is most common during the third trimester or right after childbirth.


Although piles during pregnancy are generally not dangerous, they can cause significant discomfort and negatively affect the mother’s quality of life. Thankfully, with awareness, preventive care, and timely treatment, the condition can be managed effectively.



1. Increased Pressure in the Pelvic Area


One of the primary causes of piles during pregnancy is the increased pressure on the pelvic veins. As the baby grows, the uterus expands and puts pressure on the large veins in the pelvis, especially the inferior vena cava. This vein is responsible for returning blood from the lower body to the heart.


When this vein is compressed, blood flow from the lower body slows down, causing blood to pool in the veins of the rectum and anus. This leads to swelling and the formation of hemorrhoids or piles. The condition is especially common in the third trimester, when the baby is at its largest size.



2. Constipation and Straining During Bowel Movements


Constipation is one of the most common complaints among pregnant women, affecting nearly 40–50% of them. Hormonal changes, increased progesterone levels, and pressure from the growing uterus can slow down the digestive system, making bowel movements less frequent and harder.


Straining during bowel movements creates extra pressure on the rectal veins, leading to piles during pregnancy. The more a woman strains, the more likely it is that the rectal veins will swell, stretch, and eventually protrude.


This makes managing constipation a critical step in preventing piles. A high-fiber diet, adequate hydration, and light exercise can help maintain healthy bowel habits during pregnancy.



3. Hormonal Changes


Hormonal fluctuations, particularly an increase in progesterone, play a crucial role in the development of piles. Progesterone relaxes the smooth muscles of the body, including those of the digestive tract. This relaxation slows down intestinal movement, causing constipation.


Additionally, progesterone relaxes the vein walls, making them more prone to swelling and enlargement. These factors combined significantly contribute to the formation of piles during pregnancy.


The hormone also increases water retention, which can lead to swelling in various parts of the body—including the veins in the rectal and anal regions.



4. Weight Gain During Pregnancy


Weight gain is a natural and essential part of pregnancy, but it also comes with its set of challenges. As the mother gains weight, there’s added pressure on her lower abdomen and pelvic region, which can put stress on the rectal veins.


Moreover, women who gain excessive weight during pregnancy are more prone to vascular issues, including varicose veins and piles. The added body weight makes it difficult for blood to circulate efficiently, especially in the lower half of the body, resulting in swollen and inflamed veins.


This makes managing a healthy weight during pregnancy not only important for overall well-being but also to prevent piles during pregnancy.



5. Lack of Physical Activity


Pregnancy can often lead to a more sedentary lifestyle, especially during the later stages when fatigue and discomfort are high. However, lack of physical activity slows down digestion, increases constipation, and causes blood to pool in the lower extremities.


This lack of movement contributes to poor circulation and increased venous pressure, making pregnant women more susceptible to piles. Gentle exercises such as walking, prenatal yoga, or swimming are recommended to improve blood flow and reduce the risk of hemorrhoids.


Even short, frequent movements can make a big difference in enhancing bowel activity and preventing the development of piles during pregnancy.



6. Prolonged Sitting or Standing


Prolonged periods of sitting or standing, which is common during pregnancy due to fatigue or work-related requirements, can also lead to the development of piles. Sitting for long stretches, particularly on hard surfaces, increases pressure on the rectal area, leading to venous congestion.


Standing for extended periods, on the other hand, allows blood to pool in the lower body, especially in the legs and rectal area. Both scenarios contribute to the formation and worsening of piles during pregnancy.


To avoid this, pregnant women are advised to change positions frequently, take short walks, and avoid sitting on hard surfaces for too long.



7. Straining During Labor and Delivery


The final reason behind piles during pregnancy is the intense straining during labor. During childbirth, especially vaginal delivery, women exert tremendous pressure on their pelvic and rectal areas while pushing. This pressure can cause or worsen hemorrhoids.


It’s not uncommon for women to experience new-onset piles after childbirth, even if they had no prior symptoms. These postpartum piles can be especially painful and may require medical attention if not resolved with conservative treatments.


Though unavoidable in many cases, certain delivery techniques and timely perineal support can help reduce the severity of post-delivery piles.



Symptoms of Piles During Pregnancy


Now that we understand the causes, here are the common symptoms associated with piles during pregnancy:





  • Itching or burning sensation around the anus




  • Pain or discomfort during bowel movements




  • Bright red blood on toilet paper or in the stool




  • A feeling of incomplete evacuation




  • Swelling or lumps near the anus (especially in external piles)




  • Mucus discharge




  • Pain while sitting




These symptoms can vary in severity depending on the stage of piles and overall health of the pregnant woman.



How to Prevent and Manage Piles During Pregnancy


While some risk factors for piles during pregnancy are unavoidable, adopting certain lifestyle habits can significantly reduce the chances of developing them:



1. Eat a High-Fiber Diet


Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes in your daily meals to prevent constipation and reduce straining.



2. Stay Hydrated


Drink at least 8–10 glasses of water a day. Hydration helps soften the stool and promotes easier bowel movements.



3. Exercise Regularly


Gentle exercises like walking or prenatal yoga improve circulation and promote healthy digestion.



4. Avoid Prolonged Sitting or Standing


Take frequent breaks, stretch, and use soft cushions to relieve pressure on the rectal area.



5. Practice Good Toilet Habits


Do not delay bowel movements. Avoid sitting on the toilet for too long and refrain from straining.



6. Use Warm Sitz Baths


Soaking the anal area in warm water for 15–20 minutes can relieve discomfort and promote healing.



7. Consult a Doctor


For persistent or severe symptoms, consult your doctor for safe medications or ointments suitable during pregnancy.



When to Seek Medical Help


While piles during pregnancy are generally not dangerous, they should not be ignored. Seek medical attention if:





  • There is excessive rectal bleeding




  • Severe pain prevents daily activities




  • You notice large lumps or swelling around the anus




  • Home remedies and lifestyle changes show no improvement




Your healthcare provider may suggest safe topical treatments, fiber supplements, or other non-invasive methods that are compatible with pregnancy.

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